Perianal condylomas, also known as genital warts, are benign (non-cancerous) growths that appear in the genital area or around the anal opening. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. The incidence of perianal condylomas in Slovakia is gradually increasing, which is related to the spread of HPV and low vaccination rates against this virus. It is estimated that several thousand Slovaks are diagnosed with this condition each year, and they can affect men and women of all ages, but are most common in young adults. Prevention is the best method in the fight against perianal condylomas. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly improve the quality of life of affected individuals.
- Visible warts - small bumps or growths in the genital area or around the anal opening that can be flat, raised, or cauliflower-shaped
- Itching and irritation in the area where the condylomas occur
- Bleeding when injured
- Pain - if the condylomas are irritated or very large, they can cause pain, especially during sexual intercourse
The diagnosis of perianal condylomas is usually based on a physical examination by a doctor who evaluates visible lesions. In some cases, a biopsy may be needed to confirm the diagnosis or to rule out other serious conditions.
- Cryotherapy - freezing warts with liquid nitrogen
- Cauterization - using an electric current to remove warts
- Laser therapy - using a laser to remove growths
- Podophyllotoxin - a local gel or cream that causes warts to die
- Surgical excision - for very large condylomas, surgical removal may be necessary
Basic information
- Postoperative recovery depends on the treatment method - after the procedure, it is important to get enough rest so that the body can heal
- It is essential to keep the area clean and dry to prevent infections
- Using local anesthetics or recommended analgesics can help relieve pain
- It is recommended to avoid sexual intercourse to prevent further irritation or infection
- After complete healing, most patients can return to their normal activities without restrictions
- To prevent recurrent infections, it is advisable to consider vaccination against HPV and follow safe sexual practices